{"id":722,"date":"2020-10-23T16:40:23","date_gmt":"2020-10-23T16:40:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/site.uvm.edu\/tutortips\/?page_id=722"},"modified":"2021-11-17T19:46:05","modified_gmt":"2021-11-17T19:46:05","slug":"linguistics-style-guide","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/site.uvm.edu\/tutortips\/?page_id=722","title":{"rendered":"Linguistics – Style Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Overview<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Sample Papers<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Getting Started<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

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Terminology<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

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citing sources<\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Citing Your Research<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

American Psychological Association<\/strong> – APA<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Use American Psychological Association (APA)<\/strong> style unless otherwise asked.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

APA guidelines regulate the formatting for a piece of writing, but also determine the style of writing. Style deals with choices about language use as opposed to how words appear on the page. When writing in APA Style it is important to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Use the first person singular or plural point of view
    First person: \u201cIn this study, we examined the effects of sleep on memory.\u201d<\/li>
  2. Use active, not passive voice.
    Active: \u201cParticipants took a five-question survey to determine their perceived stress level.\u201d
    Passive: \u201cA five-question survey was taken by participants to determine individual perceived stress levels.\u201d<\/li>
  3. Present research in the foreground
    Research in foreground: \u201cThe results support our hypothesis that amygdala activation occurs when participants view emotionally-charged images.\u201d<\/li>
  4. Avoid offensive\/biased\/problematic language
    Respectful language: \u201cParticipants suffering from alcohol addiction reported higher levels of perceived stress.\u201d
    Offensive\/biased language: \u201cAlcoholics reported higher levels of perceived stress.\u201d<\/li>
  5. Use discipline-specific terminology
    Discipline-specific terminology: \u201cParticipants suffering from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) reported reduced participation in activities they used to enjoy.\u201d
    Layperson terminology: \u201cPeople who were really, really sad said they didn’t do things they used to have fun doing anymore.\u201d<\/li>
  6. Use \u201cclear, concise, and concrete\u201d language (Paul Price)
    Clear, concise, and concrete: \u201cThe hippocampus was stimulated during memory retrieval\u201d
    Confused: \u201cThe hippocampus was kind of turned on when people tried to think of things that they had learned before they were being tested.\u201d<\/li>
  7. Avoid poetic language
    Scientific language: \u201cParticipants suffering from Generalized Anxiety Disorder report feelings of despair.\u201d
    Poetic language: \u201cPeople with anxiety shared that they felt an impending sense of doom, like a tidal wave rushing to shore, and felt themselves spiraling, spiraling ever deeper into the abyss.\u201d<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    International Phonetic Alphabet – IPA<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

    The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)<\/strong> is a system used to write out sounds, with separate vowel<\/strong> and consonant<\/strong> charts. Here are some general tips:<\/p>\n\n\n\n